Incazelo Yomkhiqizo
I-Pulse Oximeter iyithuluzi elibalulekile nelivamile lokuhlola ukugcwala komoyampilo (i-SpO2) nezinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo.Kuyidivayisi encane, ehlangene, elula, ethembekile futhi ehlala isikhathi eside yokuqapha umzimba.Faka ibhodi elikhulu, isibonisi namabhethri omile.
Ukusetshenziswa Okuhlosiwe
I-pulse oximeter iyithuluzi eliphinda lisetshenziswe futhi lihloselwe ukusetshenziselwa ukuhlola indawo yokugcwala komoyampilo wenhliziyo kanye nezinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo kubantu abadala.Le divayisi yezokwelapha ingasetshenziswa kabusha.Hhayi okokuqapha njalo.
Abantu abasebenzayo kanye nobubanzi
I-pulse oximeter ihloselwe ukuqapha abantu abadala.Ungalusebenzisi lolu cingo ukuze uxilongwe noma ulaphe noma iyiphi inkinga yezempilo noma isifo.Imiphumela yokulinganisa ingeyereferensi kuphela,bonana nochwepheshe bezempilo ukuze uthole incazelo yemiphumela engajwayelekile.
Contraindications
Umkhiqizo usebenza kubantu abadala kuphela.Sicela ungawusebenzisi umkhiqizo wezingane, usana kanye nezinsana.
Izicubu zesikhumba ezilimele azikwazi ukulinganiswa.
Isimiso Sokukala
Umgomo wokusebenza usekelwe ekudluliseleni ukukhanya nge-hemoglobin.Ukudluliswa kokukhanya kwento kunqunywa umthetho we-Beer-Lambert, onquma ukugcwala kwe-solute (oxyhemoglobin) ku-solvent (i-hemoglobin) inganqunywa ngokumunca ukukhanya.Ibala legazi lincike emazingeni komoyampilo wegazi, kanye negazi elinomoya-mpilo ophezulu
ukugxila kuveza umbala obomvu ngenxa yokugcwala okuphezulu kwe-oxyhemoglobin.Lapho ukugxila kuncishisiwe, igazi liba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngokwengeziwe, ngenxa yokuba khona okukhulu kwe-deoxyhemoglobin (inhlanganisela yama-molecule e-hemoglobin ne-carbon dioxide).Okusho ukuthi, igazi lisekelwe ku-spectrophotometry, ukulinganisa inani lokukhanya elidluliselwa ngama-capillaries esiguli, elihambisana nokushaya kwenhliziyo.
1. I-Infrared Light Emitting
2. Isamukeli sokukhanya kwe-infrared
Ulwazi Lokuphepha
Umuntu osebenzisa i-pulse oximeter kumele athole ukuqeqeshwa okwanele ngaphambi kokuyisebenzisa.
I-pulse oximeter ihloselwe kuphela njenge-adjunct ekuhloleni kwesiguli.Kufanele isetshenziswe kanye nezimpawu zomtholampilo kanye nezimpawu.Ayihloselwe njengethuluzi elisetshenziselwa izinjongo zokwelashwa.
Uma usebenzisa i-pulse oximeter kanye nezinto zokuhlinza ngogesi, umsebenzisi kufanele anake futhi aqinisekise ukuphepha kwesiguli esikalwayo.
INGOZI YOKUQHUBEKA: Ungasebenzisi i-pulse oximeter lapho kukhona izibulala-zinzwa ezivuthayo, izinto eziqhumayo, umhwamuko noma uketshezi.
Qiniseka ukuthi awusebenzisi i-pulse oximeter ngesikhathi sokuskena kwe-MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) noma imvelo ye-CT (Computed Tomography) ngoba umsinga owenziwe ungabangela ukusha.
I-pulse oximeter ayinawo umsebenzi we-alamu.Ukuqapha okuqhubekayo isikhathi eside akufanelekile.
Akukho ukuguqulwa kwalo mkhiqizo okuvunyelwe.Ukunakekela kufanele kusetshenziswe izisebenzi zokunakekela eziqeqeshiwe ezigunyazwe abakhiqizi.
Sicela uvale amandla ngaphambi kokuhlanza i-pulse oximeter.Ungalokothi uvumele ukukhishwa kwamagciwane okunomfutho ophezulu kanye nezinga eliphezulu lokushisa kocingo.Ungalokothi usebenzise izinto zokuhlanza/izibulala-magciwane ngaphandle kwalezo ezinconyiwe.
Umkhiqizo uvamise ukuvama umkhiqizo we-seal.Gcina ubuso bayo bomile futhi buhlanzekile, futhi uvimbele noma yiluphi uketshezi ukuthi lungangeni kulo.
I-pulse oximeter inemba futhi ithambile.Gwema ukucindezela, ukungqongqoza, ukudlidliza okuqinile noma omunye umonakalo owenziwe yimishini.Yibambe ngokucophelela futhi kancane.Uma ingasetshenziswa, kufanele ibekwe ngendlela efanele.
Ukuze ukhiphe i-pulse oximeter nezinye izisetshenziswa, landela imithetho yendawo noma inqubomgomo yesibhedlela sakho mayelana nokulahlwa kwe-pulse oximeter enjalo kanye nezinsiza.Ungalahli ngokungahleliwe.
Sebenzisa amabhethri e-alkaline ye-AAA.Ungasebenzisi ikhabhoni noma amabhethri ekhwalithi ephansi.Susa amabhethri uma umkhiqizo ungeke usetshenziswe isikhathi eside.
Umhloli osebenzayo akanakusetshenziselwa ukuhlola ukunemba.
Uma isiguli siwu-opharetha ohlosiwe, kufanele ufunde imanuwali yokuhlinza ngokucophelela futhi uqonde ujule noma uthintane nodokotela nomkhiqizi ngaphambi kokusebenzisa.Uma kukhona ukungaphatheki kahle okwenzayo, sicela uyeke ukusebenzisa ngokushesha futhi uye esibhedlela.
Gwema ugesi omile, ngaphambi kokusebenzisa i-pulse oximeter, uqinisekise ugesi oqondile oqondile noma ongaqondile wabo bonke opharetha neziguli ezithinta ithuluzi.
Uma isetshenziswa, zama ukwenza i-pulse oximeter iqhelelane nesamukeli somsakazo.
Uma i-pulse oximeter isebenzisa okungacacisiwe futhi ngaphandle kokucushwa kwesistimu yokuhlola ye-EMC, ingathuthukisa imisebe kazibuthe kagesi noma yehlise ukusebenza kokuphazanyiswa kwe-anti-electromagnetic.Sicela usebenzise ukumisa okushiwo.
Impahla yokuxhumana yefrikhwensi yomsakazo ephathekayo nehambayo ingaphazamisa ukusetshenziswa okuvamile kwe-pulse oximeter.
I-pulse oximeter akufanele ibe seduze noma ipakishwe nezinye izinto zokusebenza, uma kufanele ube seduze nazo noma uzipakishe lapho zisetshenziswa, kufanele uyiqaphele futhi uqinisekise ukuthi ingasebenza ngokujwayelekile ngendlela eyisebenzisayo. Kufanele iqinisekise ukuthi kukhona akukho ukungcola noma inxeba engxenyeni ehloliwe.
Uma umkhiqizo uhloselwe ukuvumela ukuxilonga okuqondile noma ukuqapha izinqubo ezibalulekile zomzimba, khona-ke kungenzeka kubangele ingozi esheshayo esigulini.
Sicela ugcine le oximeter kanye nezinsiza zayo endaweni ephephile ukuze uvikele ukulunywa kwezilwane ezifuywayo ukuthi zingabhodloki noma izinambuzane zingangeni.Gcina ama-oximeter nezingxenye ezincane ezifana namabhethri endaweni lapho izingane zingafinyeleleki khona ukuze ugweme izingozi.
Abantu abakhubazekile ngokomqondo kumele basetshenziswe ngaphansi kokugadwa abantu abadala abajwayelekile ukuze bagweme ukuklinywa ngenxa kaLanyard.
Xhuma isisekeli ngokucophelela ukuze ugweme isiguli ukusonteka noma ukuklinywa.
Isici soMkhiqizo
Ukusetshenziswa okulula futhi okulula komkhiqizo, ukusebenza okulula kokuthinta okukodwa.
Ivolumu encane, isisindo esincane, esilungele ukuthwala.
Ukusetshenziswa okuphansi, amabhethri e-AAA amabili okuqala angasebenza ngokuqhubekayo amahora angu-15.
Isikhumbuzi se-voltage ephansi sibonakala esikrinini uma ibhethri liphansi.
Umshini uzocisha ngokuzenzakalelayo ngemva kwamasekhondi angu-10 uma ingekho isignali ekhiqiziwe.
Bonisa Isingeniso
Umfanekiso 1
Izinyathelo zokulinganisa
1. Bamba umkhiqizo ngesandla esisodwa iphaneli yangaphambili ibheke entendeni yesandla.Faka umunwe omkhulu wesinye isandla kukhava yebhethri, khipha ikhava yebhethri ngalapho kumcibisholo khona (njengoba kukhonjisiwe kuMfanekiso 2).
2. Faka amabhethri ezindaweni zokukhala ngokophawu oluthi “+” kanye no-“-” njengoba kukhonjisiwe kuMfanekiso 3. Vala isivalo ekhabetheni bese usiphushela phezulu ukuze uvale kahle.
3.Cindezela inkinobho yokushintsha amandla nomsebenzi kuphaneli yangaphambili ukuze uvule umkhiqizo.Ukusebenzisa umunwe wokuqala, umunwe ophakathi noma indandatho lapho uhlola.Ungawuhlikihli umunwe futhi ugcine testee icala ngesikhathi senqubo.Ukufundwa kuzovezwa esikrinini ngemva kwesikhashana njengoba kukhonjisiwe kuMfanekiso 4.
Ama-electrode amahle nebi wamabhethri kufanele afakwe ngendlela efanele.
Uma kungenjalo idivayisi izolimala.
Uma ufaka noma ukhipha amabhethri, sicela ulandele ukulandelana kokusebenza okufanele ukuze usebenze.Uma kungenjalo indawo yebhethri izolimala.
Uma i-pulse oximeter ingasetshenziswa isikhathi eside, sicela ususe amabhethri ayo.
Qiniseka ukuthi ubeka umkhiqizo emunweni ngendlela efanele.Ingxenye ye-LED yenzwa kufanele ibe ngemuva kwesandla sesiguli kanye nengxenye ye-photodetector ngaphakathi.Qiniseka ukuthi ufaka umunwe ekujuleni okulungile kwinzwa ukuze uzipho luhluke nje ekukhanyeni okukhishwa kwinzwa.
Unganyakazi umunwe futhi ugcine testee ezolile ngesikhathi senqubo.
Isikhathi sokubuyekeza idatha singaphansi kwamasekhondi angu-30.
Umfanekiso 4
QAPHELA:
Ngaphambi kokulinganisa, i-pulse oximeter kufanele ihlolwe ukuthi ijwayelekile yini, uma yonakalisiwe, sicela ungayisebenzisi.
Ungabeki i-pulse oximeter emaphethelweni nge-arterial catheter noma isirinji ye-venous.
Ungenzi ukuqapha kwe-SpO2 nezilinganiso ze-NIBP engalweni efanayo
kanyekanye.Ukuphazamiseka kokugeleza kwegazi phakathi nezilinganiso ze-NIBP kungase kuthinte kabi ukufundwa kwevelu ye-SpO2.
Ungasebenzisi i-pulse oximeter ukukala iziguli izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo kwazo lingaphansi kuka-30bpm, okungase kubangele imiphumela engalungile.
Ingxenye yokulinganisa kufanele ikhethwe kahle i-perfusion futhi ikwazi ukumboza ngokugcwele iwindi lokuhlola lenzwa.Sicela uhlanze ingxenye yokulinganisa ngaphambi kokubeka i-pulse oximeter, futhi uqinisekise ukuthi iyomisa.
Mboza inzwa ngezinto ezifiphele ngaphansi kwesimo sokukhanya okuqinile.Ukwehluleka ukwenza kanjalo kuzoholela esilinganisweni esingalungile.
Qinisekisa ukuthi akukho ukungcoliswa kanye nesibazi engxenyeni ehloliwe.Uma kungenjalo, umphumela olinganisiwe ungase ungalungile ngoba isignali etholwe inzwa iyathinteka.
Uma isetshenziswa ezigulini ezihlukene, umkhiqizo uthambekele ekungcoleni okweqile, okumele kuvinjwe futhi kulawulwe ngumsebenzisi.Ukubulala amagciwane kuyanconywa ngaphambi kokusebenzisa umkhiqizo kwezinye iziguli.
Ukubekwa okungalungile kwenzwa kungase kuthinte ukunemba kwesilinganiso, futhi isendaweni efanayo evundlile nenhliziyo, umphumela wokulinganisa ungcono kakhulu.
Izinga lokushisa eliphakeme kakhulu lokuthintana kwenzwa elinesikhumba sesiguli alivunyelwe ngaphezu kuka-41℃.
Ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside noma isimo sesiguli singadinga ukushintsha isayithi lenzwa ngezikhathi ezithile.Shintsha indawo yezinzwa futhi uhlole ubuqotho besikhumba, isimo sokujikeleza kwegazi, futhi ulungise ukuqondisa kahle okungenani amahora angu-2.
Izinto ezithinta ukunemba kokulinganisa:
Izilinganiso futhi zincike ekumunceni kwe-wavelength ray ekhethekile nge-hemoglobin ene-oxidized ne-deoxyhemoglobin.Ukugxila kwe-hemoglobin engasebenzi kungase kuthinte ukunemba kwesilinganiso.
Ukushaqeka, i-anemia, i-hypothermia kanye nokufakwa kwesidakamizwa se-vasoconstriction kunganciphisa ukugeleza kwegazi kwe-arteria ibe sezingeni elingenakulinganiswa.
I-pigment, noma umbala ojulile (isibonelo: i-nail polish, izinzipho zokwenziwa, udayi noma ukhilimu onombala) kungase kubangele izilinganiso ezinganembile.
Incazelo Yomsebenzi
a.Uma idatha isiveziwe esikrinini, cindezela kafushane inkinobho ethi “POWER/FUNCTION”
ngesinye isikhathi, isiqondiso sokubonisa sizozungeziswa.(njengoba kukhonjisiwe kuMfanekiso 5, 6)
b.Uma isignali eyamukelwe inganele, izovezwa esikrinini.
c.Umkhiqizo uzocishwa ngokuzenzakalelayo uma kungekho signali ngemva kwamasekhondi angu-10.
Umfanekiso 5
Umfanekiso 6
I-Hang lace Ukufakwa
1. Faka intambo encane ekugcineni kweleyisi elengayo embotsheni elengayo.( Qaphela: imbobo elengayo izinhlangothi zombili.)
2. Phinda ugqinsi lwentambo ekugcineni kwentambo ngaphambi kokuyidonsa uyiqinise.
Ukuhlanza kanye nokubulala amagciwane
Ungalokothi ucwilise noma ucwilise i-pulse oximeter.
Sincoma ukuhlanza nokubulala amagciwane umkhiqizo uma kunesidingo noma uma usetshenziswa ezigulini ezihlukene ukugwema ukulimala komkhiqizo.
Ungalokothi usebenzise izinto zokuhlanza/izibulala-magciwane ngaphandle kwalezo ezinconyiwe.
Ungalokothi uvumele ukukhishwa kwamagciwane okunomfutho ophezulu kanye nezinga eliphezulu lokushisa kocingo.
Sicela uvale amandla bese ukhipha amabhethri ngaphambi kokuhlanza nokubulala amagciwane.
Ukuhlanza
1. Hlanza umkhiqizo ngokotini noma ngendwangu ethambile eswakanyiswe ngamanzi.2.Ngemva kokuhlanza, sula amanzi ngendwangu ethambile.
3. Vumela umkhiqizo ukuthi wome emoyeni.
Ukubulala amagciwane
Izibulala-magciwane ezinconyiwe zihlanganisa: i-ethanol 70%, isopropanol 70%, i-glutaraldehyde (2%).
ama-disinfectants esixazululo.
1. Hlanza umkhiqizo njengoba kuyalelwe ngenhla.
2. Khipha amagciwane umkhiqizo ngekotini noma ngendwangu ethambile eswakanyiswe ngesibulala-magciwane esinconyiwe.
3. Ngemuva kokukhipha amagciwane, qiniseka ukuthi usula isibulala-magciwane esisele emkhiqizweni ngendwangu ethambile eswakanyiswe ngamanzi.
4. Vumela umkhiqizo ukuthi wome emoyeni.
Uhlu lokupakisha
Impilo yesevisi elindelwe: iminyaka emi-3
Imininingwane Yezobuchwepheshe
1. Imodi yokubonisa: Idijithali
2. I-SpO2:
Ibanga lokulinganisa: 35 ~ 100%
Ukunemba: ±2%(80%~100%);±3%(70%~79%)
3. Izinga Lokushaya:
Ibanga lokulinganisa: 25 ~ 250bpm
Ukunemba: ±2bpm
Ukunemba kwe-Pulse Rate kudlulile ukufakazela nokuqhathanisa nesifanisi se-SpO2.
4. Imininingwane kagesi:
I-voltage esebenzayo: DC2.2 V~DC3.4V
Uhlobo Lwebhethri: Amabhethri amabili e-alkaline angu-1.5V AAA
Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla: kuncane kuno-50mA
5. Imininingwane yomkhiqizo:
Usayizi: 58 (H) × 34 (W) × 30(D) mm
Isisindo: 50g (faka amabhethri e-AAA amabili)
6. Izidingo zemvelo:
QAPHELA:
Lapho izinga lokushisa kwemvelo lingu-20 ℃, isikhathi esidingekayo ukuze iPulse Oximeter i
ukufudumala kusuka ezingeni lokushisa elincane lokugcina phakathi kokusetshenziswa kuze kube yilapho isilungele
ukusetshenziswa okuhlosiwe kuyimizuzu engama-30 kuye kwengama-60.
Uma izinga lokushisa lendawo lingama-20 ℃, isikhathi esidingekayo ukuze iPulse Oximeter iphole kusukela kumazinga okushisa aphezulu okugcina phakathi kokusetshenziswa kuze kube ilungele ukusetshenziswa okuhlosiwe imizuzu engama-30 kuya kwengama-60.
Izinga lokushisa:
Ukusebenza: +5~+40℃
Ezokuthutha nokugcina: -10~+50℃
Umswakamo:
Ukusebenza: 15% ~ 80% (
ukungafinyeleli)
Ezokuthutha nokugcina: 10%~90% (
ukungafinyeleli)
Umfutho we-atmospheric:
Ukusebenza: 860hPa~1060hPa
Ezokuthutha nesitoreji: 700hPa~1060hPa
QAPHELA:
Umhloli osebenzayo akanakusetshenziselwa ukuhlola ukunemba.
Indlela yokuqinisekisa ukunemba kwesilinganiso se-oxygen yegazi ukuqhathanisa
inani lesilinganiso se-oximetry nevelu yokuhlaziya igesi yegazi.
Ukuxazulula inkinga
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